NEGATIVE D.A.R.E. STUDIES DON'T CONVINCE LAW ENFORCEMENT IN TRENCHES

Untold millions of public and private dollars have flowed into the Drug
Abuse Resistance Education program since 1983. Now, the free ride might be
coming to an end.

The No Child Left Behind Act requires states to spend money only on
programs that can prove their ability to cut the incidence of young people
abusing drugs or alcohol.

Despite 21 years and a presence in about 80 percent of schools in the
United States, D.A.R.E. is not one of 58 programs recognized by the federal
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.

There are more studies saying D.A.R.E., the program that puts police
officers in classrooms to teach age-appropriate anti-drug messages to K-12
students, doesn't work than those that say it does.

Deputy Steve Benson is the D.A.R.E. officer for the Colbert County
Sheriff's Department.

He is rock-solid in his belief that the program helps children avoid drugs
and alcohol. He dismisses the various studies questioning D.A.R.E. as unfair.

"They haven't come into the classroom," he said. "I've never seen them
interview a student. I don't know where they get their information."

The California Department of Education concluded that D.A.R.E was
ineffective in 1997. A Department-commissioned study of 5,000 students at
240 schools found that as students age, they become progressively more
convinced that drug-prevention programs are ineffective.

American Federation of Teachers polled a group of sixth-graders, then
talked to the same students in 10th grade and as 20-year-olds. AFT
concluded, "D.A.R.E. had no effect on students' drug use at any time
through 10th grade."

The study found that at age 20, there were no differences between those
students who received D.A.R.E. and those who did not in their use of
cigarettes, alcohol, marijuana or other drugs, or levels of peer pressure
resistance."

"We've seen what everybody else has seen," said John See, assistant
director of public affairs for AFT. "The program is not as effective as
D.A.R.E. officials would hope."

Even the federal government, which created the program and has provided the
bulk of its funding, has given up on D.A.R.E.

The United States General Accounting Office reviewed six long-term studies
of D.A.R.E.'s elementary school program in 1993. The GAO concluded, "we .
found no significant differences between students who received D.A.R.E. in
the fifth or sixth grade and students who did not."

D.A.R.E. supporters believe in the program despite whatever problems it may
have.

Lauderdale County Sheriff Ronnie Willis, who spent five years as a D.A.R.E.
instructor and was once named D.A.R.E. Instructor of the Year, believes the
material is only as good as the teacher.

"It depends on the officers' ability to keep the kids involved," he said.
"You've got to keep it exciting and good for the kids."

Benson cites the rapport he's built with his students as evidence that
D.A.R.E. builds relationships between young people and law enforcement that
lead to good choices about drugs and alcohol.

Colbert Sheriff Ronnie May is so committed to D.A.R.E. he has said he will
find a way to keep the program alive even if state and federal governments
cut all funding.

"In this county, we've gotten a lot of good feedback," Benson said.

"Even if all funding is cut, there will still be D.A.R.E. in Colbert County."

Willis pointed out that more departments are moving away from D.A.R.E. and
choosing to have school resource officers whose role is less as educator
and more as security.

He noted there are more grants available for departments looking to add an
SRO than for D.A.R.E. programs.

Kent Hunt, associate commissioner for substance abuse at the Alabama
Department of Mental Health and Mental Retardation, told The Associated
Press that public spending on D.A.R.E. is already shrinking.

"I see a movement away from that unless D.A.R.E. can modify their
curriculum and get a stamp of approval as an evidence-based or
science-based program, and it's not there yet," Hunt said during a meeting
at the University of Alabama at Birmingham.

D.A.R.E. may not die.

Program directors are continually updating the curriculum, and the
University of Akron is conducting a study due for release in 2006
evaluating the effectiveness of the program's middle- and high school
curricula. And the program counters with 30 studies it says prove its
effectiveness.

Despite the ATF's critical report, See wants to see the program succeed.

"D.A.R.E. is a major player in preventing drug and alcohol use and abuse,"
he said. "If it was to disappear, there would be a huge void. If they can
improve the program and make it more effective, that would be a good thing."