OAKLAND HIGH HELPS CRAFT DRUG REFORM

National Advocates Say a New Method May Have More of an Effect

A new strategy that national drug-policy reform advocates say is a
better means of keeping teenagers off drugs is partly based on a
program used for years at Oakland High School.

The Drug Policy Alliance on Thursday unveiled "Beyond Zero
Tolerance," a booklet providing a blueprint for overhauling how
schools address teen drug use.

"Zero tolerance is the ideological basis for the practices we want to
change -- it's the mantra of the drug war as we know it, and it
applies to education as much as it does to law enforcement," said
booklet author Rodney Skager, professor emeritus of education at the
University of California, Los Angeles.

In the booklet, Skager writes that he was first introduced to the
concept of "interactive drug education" by Charles Ries, who runs the
UpFront drug program now in its eighth year at Oakland High School.
Ries also was on Thursday's conference call unveiling the strategy.

"Essentially, our philosophy is that we create safe environments in
which students can discuss their feelings about their using, their
friends using, their families using or not using," he said.

"They're hungry for a place to come and do this ...and they're far
more likely to speak up when they need help."

The idea of "inoculating" children against future drug use with
elementary-school programs -- such as the police-based Drug Abuse
Resistance Education, or DARE, or the science-based anti-drug
curricula now available from the federal government -- is "highly
unrealistic" and hasn't significantly affected youth drug use, Skager
said. "Education doesn't work like injecting a vaccine or taking a pill."

Skager said anti-drug education should be focused in high schools
where it's more relevant to children of the appropriate stage of
mental and emotional development. And this education must be
"interactive," he said, meaning it fosters a feeling of connection
between students, teachers and the school.

Today's "zero tolerance" policies that threaten expulsion for drug
use and boot users out of the classroom and onto the street only
alienate students.

Threats must be replaced with "restorative practices" which teach
kids the effects drugs have on them, their families and their peers,
and which give support and aid to children who have already used
drugs, Skager said.

UpFront's Web site says it achieves these goals through a
seven-tiered program that's constantly evolving according to
evaluations given by the hundreds of Oakland students and teachers
passing through it each year.

It includes a series of five in-class workshops on drug topics;
ongoing, periodic work by classroom groups; support groups, both
voluntary and mandatory; individual counseling; peer facilitator and
educator training, to bring certain students into the planning
process; mandatory monthly education groups for children already
using drugs, alcohol or tobacco; and input from community
organizations such as residential drug-treatment programs and
anti-violence groups.

See "Beyond Zero Tolerance" at
http://www.safety1st.org/pdf/Beyond_Zero_Tolerance.pdf

For more on UpFront, see http://www.upfrontprograms.org