JAIL TERMS SHOULDN'T TARGET SMALL-TIME ADDICTS: U.S. DRUG CZAR

OTTAWA-Mandatory minimum jail sentences should be targeted at big
drug financiers or traffickers, says the man appointed by Barack
Obama to steer America's drug control policy.

In an interview with the Star, Gil Kerlikowske, Obama's drug czar,
said lawmakers in "almost every single state" in the U.S. are looking
to reduce mandatory minimum penalties because prison populations have
exploded with non-violent drug offenders.

"Where a minimum mandatory (jail term) would be effective or helpful
is in the financiers and traffickers in large amounts (who) are
clearly doing this as a profit motive," he said. "It takes them out
of circulation."

In the interview, however, Kerlikowske was clear that policy-makers
should recognize there is "a distinct difference" between big-time
narcotics offenders and others who come into the criminal justice
system "who clearly have an addiction problem."

"Then the focus of the sentencing, the focus of whatever law that
exists, should be as much treatment as any punishment." That should
include treatment of drug addictions behind prison walls.

"Otherwise you're just being dumb on drugs," he said.

Kerlikowske, whose official title is Director of the Office of
National Drug Control Policy, pointed to a move last month to change
mandatory minimum sentencing laws for possession of crack cocaine -
"the first mandatory minimum to be changed in 40 years by Congress."

It raised the bar on when a five-year mandatory sentence for crack
cocaine possession would kick in, from possession of five grams to up
to 28 grams. It had bipartisan support and was changed to bring the
law more in line with sentences handed down for cocaine powder possession.

Canada's Conservative government has adopted a strikingly different
"tough-on-crime" approach, proposing stiffer sentences and many more
mandatory minimum terms for a whole range of offences, including drug crimes.

Kerlikowske said Obama's Administration is advocating a more balanced
and "comprehensive" approach than was taken in the past, and is
turning to public health strategies, "smart policing" and "smart
probation" programs.

In Canada to help unveil the publication of new Canadian standards
for drug prevention programs for schools, communities and families,
Kerlikowske praised Canada as ahead of the U.S. on prevention and
ways to detect drug-impaired driving.

Kerlikowske, Seattle's former police chief, was to meet with Canadian
health and justice ministers, as well as senior RCMP officials.

In speeches, and to reporters Monday, he stressed that the U.S. has
failed to shoulder its own responsibility and recognize it is a
lucrative market for drugs produced abroad.

"Our demand for illegal drugs fuels the drug trade," he noted.

Although U.S. justice officials frequently blame a porous northern
border with Canada for the influx of potent marijuana and precursor
chemicals for other illicit drugs such as ecstasy, Kerlikowske
declined to "wag my finger at Canadians."

Kerlikowske said Obama's drug control strategy is guided by
"evidence, not ideology." It supports "swift and certain but modest
sanctions for using drugs" to offenders on probation, pre-arrest
diversion programs, drug courts, and programs that treat addiction as
a chronic lifelong illness like any other disease.

Kerlikowske supports needle exchange programs but not Vancouver's
downtown East Side Insite program after seeing it first-hand.

"To see the way people were left in the alleyways and flophouses
after participating in the Insite, I would say is an example of
government abandoning people."