ELECTRICITY, MARIJUANA AND THE LAW

The Real Dope on Power Use

Homeowners have a reasonable expectation of privacy over information
concerning most activities that take place in their homes.

Therefore, absent a search warrant or a potential emergency situation,
police aren't entitled to enter a home to discover the activities
taking place.

But what about electrical consumption patterns? Do homeowners have a
reasonable expectation of privacy over their electricity consumption?
Must police obtain a search warrant before they may obtain or access
records concerning electrical consumption patterns?

People in the indoor marijuana cultivation business certainly don't
want police anywhere near their electricity consumption records.

You see, certain patterns of excessive consumption are indicative of a
grow op. Also, abnormally low consumption doesn't necessarily mean one
is trying to conserve energy. It may mean that someone has bypassed
the hydro meter and is stealing electricity.

Grow ops use large amounts of electricity, hence the desire to steal
electricity.

I can't see how the disclosure of energy consumption records reveal
personal information concerning personal non-criminal activities
taking place within a home. These records don't reveal any personal or
lifestyle information.

Looking at electricity consumption records doesn't provide any
meaningful information on what activities are taking place in the
home, other than perhaps if there's a grow op or electricity theft.

They don't even disclose how many people are in the house. So how
could there be a reasonable expectation of privacy in the consumption
records?

Regardless of what I may think, the law is all over the
map.

In Alberta, the latest word is police must obtain a search warrant
before they can access consumption pattern records.

In Saskatchewan, police don't have to obtain a search
warrant.

The most recent Ontario case also takes the position no warrant is
required. But all of this may change later this year when the Supreme
Court of Canada hears an appeal in the Daniel James Gomboc case.

Gomboc was convicted of producing and possessing marijuana for the
purposes of trafficking in Calgary, but the Alberta Court of Appeal
set aside the conviction after ruling police should have obtained a
search warrant before they obtained the electricity records. The
warrantless search was said to have violated Gomboc's privacy rights
under section 8 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms so the
evidence seized, hundreds of plants, 165 kgs of bulk marijuana and 206
grams of processed marijuana, was deemed inadmissible.

The Supreme Court is slated to hear the Gomboc appeal in May. Normal
practice is the decision will be reserved and not released until
months later, leaving the law in a state of uncertainty in the interim.

If police require a search warrant to access consumption pattern
records they'll be at a real disadvantage. Often police have a
suspicion, perhaps even a strong suspicion, of the existence of a grow
op. The suspicion may come from various factors such as condensation
on windows, strange odours, visitors coming and going at odd hours
through garage or rear doors.

But they can't get a warrant with mere suspicion. They need reasonable
and probable grounds sufficient to justify a search. Without evidence
from electricity consumption patterns they often won't have such
reasonable and probable grounds.

Our marijuana laws don't make much sense.

We spend far too much money enforcing silly marijuana
laws.

Having said that, marijuana grow ops hidden in homes in residential
areas are illegal, can present a danger and should be closed down.

Allowing the police to easily access hydro records so as to better
deal with this problem makes sense.