TIRED TEENS TURN TO TOKING

Marijuana Use Is Linked to Sleep Deprivation -- and It's 'Socially
Contagious,' Study Finds

Sleep-deprived teens are more likely to smoke marijuana, a new study
shows, and their friends -- and their friends' friends' friends' --
are more likely to be missing sleep and using drugs, too.

The study is the latest from researchers at the University of
California at San Diego to find that behaviours such as smoking,
obesity and happiness spread through people's social networks, but
it's the first to show that the spread of one behaviour influences
others, too.

"It really means that we're all connected," says Sara Mednick, an
assistant psychiatry professor. "All of our behaviours lead to other
behaviours and when we think about treating one issue in isolation,
we're missing the point that treating an entire milieu is probably
more effective."

The study included 8,349 teens from the U.S. National Longitudinal
Study of Adolescent Health, which tracked students over eight years
and created a snapshot of their social circles by asking each
participant to name up to five male and female friends who were also
in the study.

Within the social networks, the researchers found large clusters of
sleep-deprived teens and groups of friends who had all tried
marijuana. A teen was 11 per cent more likely to sleep seven or fewer
hours a night if they had a friend who did so, they found. And if a
friend started smoking pot, that more than doubled the chances that a
teen would do the same, increasing their likelihood by 110 per cent.

This influence persists up to four degrees of separation, with a
teen's friends' friends' friends wielding some influence on their
sleep and drug habits.

The study is the first to demonstrate that sleep habits spread through
social networks, Mednick says, and while conventional wisdom holds
that sleep deprivation is a common result of drug use, they uncovered
the opposite pattern.

"It goes from poor sleep to drugs," she says, adding that teens who
are sleep deprived tend to have behavioural problems, quicker
reactions and fewer inhibitions. "Maybe those are the kids who are
more likely to do drugs because they'll probably make these poor
decisions, and if they're really tired, they may just say, 'I'll use
something to make me feel better.'"

Negative health behaviours are more influential than positive ones,
the researchers found, and the social butterflies at the centre of
these social networks are more likely to smoke pot and miss out on
hours of sleep.

"The kid who is the most popular is the one who actually suffers the
most in this situation," Mednick says.

However, that also suggests a possible remedy, she says, in
"strategically" targeting the most influential people with anti-drug
or pro-health messages in order to have the greatest impact on the
group as a whole.

Over the last few years, Mednick's co-authors, James Fowler and
Harvard's Nicholas Christakis, have completed other studies showing
such behaviours as smoking, drinking, weight gain, loneliness,
depression and happiness are "socially contagious" and spread through
adult social networks up to three degrees of separation.