COOPERATION TRAINING BOOSTS COLOMBIA'S WAR ON DRUGS

BOGOTA, Colombia - By eavesdropping on wiretapped telephones, police
investigators uncovered a full-service drug ring.

Gang members were trucking cocaine into this capital and loading it onto
public transportation for the ride to the airport, where cooperative
airline cleaning crews were sending it to the United States. Proceeds were
laundered through wire transfers at foreign exchange houses.

Police turned the findings over to prosecutors, who ordered a further
investigation to determine who was driving the trucks, sneaking the drugs
onto planes and cashing the checks.

The problem, says a veteran prosecutor, is that the government lawyers
forgot to prove these actions add up to a conspiracy to sell illegal drugs
and reap the profits, which would constitute a major offense. "We have to
get people to focus on the crime," he said.

An error like that could have ruined months of police work. But in this
case it did not.

Instead of making the mistake in court, the prosecutors goofed in a
training exercise during a weeklong course this month designed to help them
work better with police. The course is part of two little-known programs
that accounted for only a fraction of $289 million in U.S. anti-narcotics
aid to Colombia in 1999 but that U.S. and Colombian authorities say are as
effective as several Black Hawk helicopters in the fight against drugs.

Over the past four years, the programs - one for prosecutors, another for
police - have trained 16 regional narcotics investigation units. They also
are helping develop special units to combat money laundering, corruption,
human rights abuses and drug smuggling on the high seas. In 2000,
Colombia's three national police agencies will begin using a unified
anti-narcotics curriculum that the programs developed.

Officials refused to talk about the programs for attribution, citing
security concerns. However, several Colombians who have participated
clearly were enthusiastic about the results.

"This is the first time we've done everything right," a naval officer
gushed, commenting on a joint U.S. Coast Guard and Colombian navy operation
late last month shortly after one training session. "We got the drugs, we
got the traffickers, and we got the evidence that the prosecutors need to
convict."

As a result of the November session attended by five Colombian prosecutors
- - part of the unit that specializes in maritime drug-trafficking cases -
the U.S. Coast Guard changed its own checklist to make sure it provided
evidence that the Colombians need to make a case.

So, law enforcement agencies were ready when the Colombians stopped a
suspicious boat off their Caribbean coast. The captain had a map showing a
route to Haiti with three clearly marked drop-off points. Coast Guard units
investigated those spots and recovered packets of cocaine in each one.

A common smuggling technique uses small planes to drop packets of cocaine
at prearranged places in the ocean, where speedboats pick up the bundles
and take them to the next point along the route to the U.S. via Haiti.

The trial of the alleged traffickers arrested in November is still pending,
but the naval officer said he plans to write a monograph on the operation
as a textbook case of cooperation.

Cooperation has been one of the programs' most important achievements, said
a Colombian law enforcement official.

"We have been able to break down the rivalries among police agencies," she
said, "and help prosecutors understand what the different agencies do."

Previously, she said, prosecutors tended to rely heavily on Colombia's main
spy agency.

"Before our training, programs were isolated and scattered," she said.
"Nobody worried much about training." Now Colombians such as the naval
officer are convinced that it makes a big difference.