FOR DEA'S LEADER, FOOD FOR THOUGHT IN CRAMMED PRISONS

The high esteem in which former Rep. Asa Hutchinson of Arkansas is
held by his colleagues was demonstrated by the 98-1 Senate vote
confirming him last month as the new director of the Drug Enforcement
Administration. Even more telling was the fact that Rep. John Conyers
of Michigan, the senior Democrat on the House Judiciary Committee and
an ardent opponent of the impeachment of President Clinton, appeared
at the Senate Judiciary Committee hearing to praise Hutchinson, who
had been one of the Republican House managers presenting the case
against Clinton to the full Senate.

In his 4 1/2 years in the House, Hutchinson, a former U.S. attorney,
earned an estimable reputation as a thoughtful conservative and, as
liberals like Conyers and Senate Judiciary Committee Chairman Patrick
Leahy of Vermont affirmed, as a fair-minded advocate.

Hutchinson will need all his skills in his new job, for the nation is
clearly about to embark on a long-overdue debate on the so-called
"war on drugs."

The DEA is, as the name implies, primarily a law-enforcement agency,
but John Walters, Bush's choice to head the White House Office of
National Drug Control Policy, has been in limbo, awaiting a
confirmation hearing since May. Many of the same Democrats who
welcomed Hutchinson's nomination have argued that Walters' hard-line
approach, emphasizing interdiction and incarceration over education
and treatment, makes him the wrong choice for "drug czar." At least
until Walters' fate is resolved, Hutchinson is in the hot seat on
Bush administration policy toward drugs.

During the last three decades, the United States has invested
billions in fighting the scourge of drugs, and more and more serious
people are questioning its effectiveness. The critics range from
conservatives like Bill Buckley and New Mexico Gov. Gary Johnson to
an array of liberals, and they are having an impact on public
opinion. While few agree with the editors of the influential British
newspaper, The Economist, which last month laid out at length "the
case for legalizing drugs," many more are expressing their doubts
about current policies.

A Pew Research Center survey last February found that three out of
four Americans believe "we are losing the drug war," and by a margin
of 52 percent to 35 percent they said drug use "should be treated as
a disease, not a crime."

In a recent issue of the American Prospect magazine, California
journalist Peter Schrag pointed to the growing trend in the states,
where initiatives allowing medical use of marijuana or mandating
treatment rather than jail for drug-users have been winning large
public majorities.

Hutchinson was dodgy in his confirmation hearing on the question of
sending federal agents out to arrest doctors who prescribe marijuana
as a pain- and nausea-relieving agent for cancer patients and other
seriously ill people, as eight states now allow. The Supreme Court
held earlier this year that the feds have that authority. When
Hutchinson was asked if he would use it, he said it was something on
which he needed to confer with the attorney general, adding that it
was important "that we do not send the wrong signal ...that marijuana
use is an acceptable practice."

But Hutchinson also applauded a bipartisan bill, crafted by Leahy and
the Judiciary Committee's ranking Republican, Sen. Orrin Hatch of
Utah, to expand funding of drug treatment programs, especially for
prisoners and youths, and to increase the number of drug courts,
where judges can order nonviolent drug offenders to undergo treatment
and continuing tests, rather than put them in jail.

Hutchinson took over his DEA duties last week at the same time the
Department of Justice bragged that more people than ever are in
federal prison on drug charges and are serving longer sentences. That
report showed there were more suspects arrested in 1999 on charges
involving marijuana than for powder or crack cocaine. A higher
portion of the marijuana suspects who wound up in federal prison were
simply users than was the case with any of the hard drugs.

That raises obvious questions about the priorities of federal drug
enforcement agents and prosecutors. No one seems to know how many
people are in state prisons for simple possession of marijuana. But
in 1998, those prisons held 236,800 people convicted on drug charges
- -- 57 percent more than had been there in 1990.

The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia
University estimated in 1998 that 70 percent to 85 percent of all
state prison inmates -- not just those convicted on drug charges --
need treatment, but only 13 percent of them get it.

The whole "war on drugs" cries out for re-examination.