U.S. FEARS DRUG SPILLOVER FROM CANADA

Border Seizures Soar

WASHINGTON -- A dramatic increase in drug seizures along the U.S.-Canadian
border, coupled with an increasingly tolerant attitude in Canada toward
narcotics, is fuelling U.S. concerns that Canada is becoming a source of
drug problems for the United States.

If Canada does not halt what Washington perceives as a slide toward the
legalization of drugs and act more vigorously to stamp out drug smuggling,
the United States is prepared to retaliate by using the stick of tougher
customs regulation, something which could have disastrous effects on
Canada's U.S.-dependent economy.

"Canada is a sovereign country, but there are consequences when neighbours
cannot co-operate on serious issues and this is a very serious issue," said
Robert Maginnis, an advisor to White House drug czar John Walters. "It
appears as if it's a trend going in the wrong direction and it is incumbent
on the U.S. administration and the U.S. Congress to communicate that this
is a key concern."

In recent years, U.S. authorities have been intercepting growing amounts of
drugs being smuggled south from Canada, particularly the potent form of
marijuana cultivated in British Columbia hydroponic grow houses known as
B.C. bud.

But after border controls were tightened following the Sept. 11 terrorist
attacks, drug seizures skyrocketed. Two years ago, the Americans seized
2,648 kilograms of marijuana coming in from British Columbia. In 2001 that
figure jumped to over 3,400 kilograms. So far this year U.S. Customs has
confiscated 3,100 kilograms and expects to hit 7,300 kilograms by the end
of the year.

In Buffalo, N.Y., U.S. Customs has seized 350 kilograms of B.C. bud this
year, three times more than last year, said Mark MacVittie, a chief
inspector there.

U.S. officials attribute part of the increase to tighter border security
following the Sept. 11 attacks and part to the criminal gangs which are
taking over the trade and shipping drugs to the United States in larger
amounts.

Corporal Scott Rintoul of the RCMP estimated that 70% of the marijuana
grown in Canada ends up in the United States.

The potent B.C. bud, which has a THC content as high as 25%, compared to
the 2% typical in the 1970s, is also leading to health concerns in the
United States. THC is the active ingredient in marijuana.

Admissions for marijuana drug treatment in Washington state now exceed the
rate for treatment of alcoholism. Cannabis admissions in Cook County, Ill.,
have risen by 400% in the last four years.

That is causing increasing anger south of the border. "One of the areas of
growth has actually been through Canada," Mr. Walters told Congress
recently when testifying about the U.S. drug problem.

The United States is also worried that Canada could turn into a North
American version of the Netherlands, attracting pot-seeking tourists and
leading to pressure in surrounding countries to ease their drug laws in turn.

A recent report from the Canadian Senate that drug control was not working
raised alarms in Washington, which fears it heralds a move toward legalization.

Mr. Maginnis and other administration officials are already lobbying the
Canadian government to go no further on the path toward legalization. They
intend to make their case at a drug policy conference next month in Quebec,
where Mr. Walters is expected to make a strong argument against legalization.

The U.S. government has already helped delay Canada's medical marijuana
program by refusing to supply standardized marijuana seeds from a U.S.
government marijuana farm in Mississippi.

Although several states have approved medical marijuana, the federal
government has blocked any attempt to find legitimate uses for the drug.