PRESCRIPTION DRUG ABUSE RISES TO 'EPIDEMIC' LEVEL

WASHINGTON - The number of Americans who admit to abusing
prescription drugs nearly doubled to more than 15 million from 1992
to 2003, with abuse among teens tripling, according to a new study
released Thursday. The report by the National Center on Addiction and
Substance Abuse at Columbia University suggested that more Americans
were abusing controlled prescription drugs than cocaine,
hallucinogens, inhalants and heroin combined.

"Our nation is in the throes of an epidemic of controlled
prescription drug abuse and addiction," said former Health Secretary
Joseph Califano, chairman and founder of the center.

"New abuse of prescription opioids among teens is up an astounding
542%," Califano said. "The explosion in the prescription of addictive
opioids, depressants and stimulants has, for many children, made the
medicine cabinet a greater temptation and threat than the illegal
street drug dealer, as some parents have become unwitting and passive pushers."

The report was based on surveys of doctors and pharmacists,
interviews and focus groups, and analysis of national household
surveys and census data.

The report said hundreds of websites sell controlled drugs, often
without prescriptions and without regard to age.

The substances most likely to be abused were opioids, or pain
relievers such as OxyContin and Vicodin; central nervous system
depressants such as Valium and Xanax; stimulants including Ritalin
and Adderall; and anabolic-androgenic steroids like Anadrol and Equipoise.

"The problem can be seen in every stage of life: rich and poor, old
and young, teens partying or cramming for exams, stressed executives,
women juggling the challenges of work and care-giving, seniors
struggling with illness and loss, the mentally ill searching for
relief, movie stars, rock musicians and athletes," the report said.
It found that between 1992 and 2002, prescriptions written for
controlled drugs increased more than 150%, while the number of people
abusing them rose seven times faster than the U.S. population.

In 2003, 2.3 million 12- to 17-year-olds - almost one in 10 - abused
at least one controlled prescription drug. Girls were more likely
than boys to do so.

Teens who abused prescription drugs were twice as likely to use
alcohol, five times as likely to use marijuana, 12 times likelier to
use heroin and 21 times likelier to use cocaine than teens who did
not abuse such drugs.

The report also found that in 2002, controlled drugs were implicated
in almost 30% of drug-related emergency room deaths, while the number
of prescription drug emergency room mentions in hospital logs
increased by nearly 80%.

Law enforcement officials around the country have been wrestling with
an epidemic of prescription drug abuse, especially of powerful
painkillers such as OxyContin, popularly known as "hillbilly heroin."

The report found a 140% rise in self-reported abuse of such
painkillers from 1992 to 2003, disproportionately concentrated in the
South and West.