THE NEW DRUG OF CHOICE: PRESCRIPTION MEDS =09

Robert and Carmen Pack play with their daughter, Noelle. Their
daughter Alana, 7, and son Troy, 10, were killed in 2003 by a driver
who had taken at least eight Vicodins and muscle relaxants. (Los
Angeles Times photo)

A Riverside County, Calif., psychiatrist who drove a Corvette and
lived in a gated community allegedly wrote prescriptions in the lobby
of his fitness club and outside restaurants for $100 each.

More than $1 million was stashed in luggage at the house of an Orange
County, Calif., physician who sold black plastic bags of narcotic
painkillers.

And at one Los Angeles pharmacy, people peddled medications out front
while others squeezed inside to buy more drugs.

Health professionals and dishonest patients are diverting powerful and
potentially addictive prescription drugs from legitimate medical
channels, helping to fuel a shift toward pharmaceuticals as drugs of
choice, authorities say.

Pharmacy thefts, robberies and burglaries are also contributing to the
problem, investigators say, along with prescription forgeries and
Internet pharmacies that require little information before shipping
drugs. Nationwide, 25 million doses of commonly abused drugs were
reported stolen last year.

In California, where almost 34 million prescriptions for narcotics and
other controlled substances were issued last year, the drug diversion
problem has caught the attention of state Attorney General Jerry
Brown. He says he plans to upgrade the state's monitoring system to
allow health practitioners to check patients' histories before
prescribing potentially dangerous medications.

"Doctors and pharmacies can instantly check out if the patient before
them is legitimate or an abuser," Brown said. "We will be in a better
position to control illegal diversion."

Law enforcement officials say high-profile accidental overdoses, such
as that of former Playboy Playmate Anna Nicole Smith, are symptomatic
of entrenched abuse and misuse of prescription drugs. The federal
government's most recent survey reported that 7 million Americans
engaged in non-medical use of pharmaceuticals in 2006 a=80" up from 6
million two years earlier. And that usage was higher than for any
illicit drug except marijuana.

"Unlike illicit drug use, which shows a continuing downward trend,
prescription drug abuse ... has seen a continual rise through the
1990s and has remained stubbornly steady ... during recent years," Dr.
Nora D. Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, told
a congressional hearing in March.

And local law enforcement officials cite a surge in the use of
prescription drugs as street narcotics.

"What we are seeing is that prescription drugs ... are quickly
becoming the drug of choice and abuse," said Murrieta, Calif., Police
Lt. Dennis Vrooman.

In late 2006 and early 2007, Murrieta police were hearing complaints
that psychiatrist Joel Stanley Dreyer a=80" a cowboy boot-wearing,
extreme-fighting aficionado whose personalized license plates read
FREUDMD a=80" was prescribing highly addictive drugs to apparently
healthy young people.

Then an Orange County businessman showed up with a sad story that
dovetailed with that information. On Christmas Day of 2005, he and his
mother had found the body of his 35-year-old sister, Jessica Silva, in
her condo.

Silva seemed an unlikely overdose victim. The divorced saleswoman had
about $900,000 in assets. But she had been arrested for drug
possession years earlier and gone through rehab a=80" and the coroner
found many drugs in her system. Her last prescription was for
OxyContin, a painkiller Dreyer had prescribed a few weeks earlier.

Her brother conducted his own investigation. Posing as a new patient
at Dreyer's office, he complained of pain and difficulty sleeping, the
brother later told police. Without conducting an examination, Dreyer
prescribed three drugs and charged $100, according to an FBI court
affidavit.

In 2007, three undercover officers also obtained prescriptions for
$100 each during tape-recorded visits, the affidavit says. "And that,
my love," Dreyer quipped to a female Drug Enforcement Administration
agent, "is the game."

Now Dreyer, whose medical license was suspended last summer, faces a
19-count federal indictment alleging illegal drug dispensing. His
attorney, Wayne Gross, declined to comment. Dreyer has pleaded not
guilty.

Records show the California state medical board disciplines several
dozen doctors a year for inappropriate prescribing and for abusing
drugs and alcohol themselves, but drug diversion cases are not tallied
separately.

Drug diversion investigations can be complex and take many
months.

Several years ago, a multi-agency task force in Los Angeles began
looking at SNG Pharmacy after complaints of open drug dealing outside.

"We ... have video of people crushing pills and mixing them with cough
syrup on the sidewalk," said Sheriff's Sgt. Steve Opferman. "It was a
mill for street addicts."

In 2005, an undercover deputy encountered about 30 people inside,
calling out drug orders. After writing his name, address, birth date
and phone number on a piece of paper, the deputy said, he bought an
unlabeled bottle of Soma, a painkilling muscle relaxant.

The owner, Siamak Davoodi, pleaded no contest to misdemeanor
dispensing of medication without the proper labeling or container. His
pharmacy board licenses were revoked in 2006, and he was ordered to
pay nearly $100,000 in investigative costs. Davoodi's attorney, Herb
Weinberg, declined to comment on the case.

Other avenues for prescription diversion are forgery and fraud. In San
Diego, for example, a nurse admitted in 2006 that she obtained
narcotics using forms stolen from a doctor, according to the attorney
general's office.

Last year, another woman was caught four times phoning bogus
prescriptions to pharmacies.

At White Memorial Medical Center in East L.A., Dr. Brian Johnston said
prescription fraud is increasingly common. The emergency room chief
said people used his prescriber identification to try to get at least
six Vicodin prescriptions last year and one recently.

They call a pharmacy "and say, 'I am Suzie and I work for Dr.
Johnston, and he wants a refill on this prescription,' " Johnston said.

To detect fraud and abuse, pharmacists and doctors can fax or mail
requests for a patient's prescription history from the database
maintained by the attorney general's office, but the process can take
weeks.

Robert Pack, who owns an East Bay computer company, wants to speed up
the system a=80" for personal reasons.

In 2003, his 10-year-old son Troy and 7-year-old daughter Alana were
heading out for ice cream when a car jumped the curb, killing them.
The driver, a nanny who recently had received multiple prescriptions
from doctors, told police she had taken at least eight Vicodins and
muscle relaxants. She is now serving a second-degree murder sentence
of 30 years to life in state prison.

After helping to fund a feasibility study, Pack is offering to raise
$3 million to build and support a computer system for three years that
would allow almost instantaneous checks of patient prescription records.

"It might have saved my children's lives and might save lives in the
future," he said, adding that he would donate the system to the state.

Not everyone applauds such efforts. Tracking systems and prosecutions
of doctors can have a chilling effect that deprives legitimate
patients of medicines they need because they are hurting, said Siobhan
Reynolds, founder of the nonprofit Pain Relief Network.

"People who, through no fault of their own, need medications are being
spied on by the government," Reynolds said. As for doctors, she said:
"If you treat those illnesses, you are more likely to be targeted."